ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE FOR INTERMEDIATE
12. FOR AND SINCE
When….? And How Long ….?
| A | We employ for and since to say how long something has been happening. | We use for + a menstruation of time ( two hours, six weeks etc .):  I 've been waiting for two hours. Sally has been working here for half-dozen months . (not since six months) I haven't seen Tom for three days . | Nosotros use since + the offset of a menses ( 8 o'clock, Monday, 1999 etc.): I 've been waiting since viii o'clock .  Sally has been working here since April . (=from April until now) I haven't seen Tom since Monday. | It is possible to leave out for (but not normally in negative sentences): They've been married (for) 10 years . (with or without for ) They oasis't had a holiday for ten years. (y'all must use for ) We do not utilise for+ all ... ( all 24-hour interval /all my life etc.): I've lived here all my life . (not for all my life) Y'all can utilise in instead of for in negative sentences ( I haven't ... etc.): They haven't had a holiday in ten years . (=for 10 years) |
| B | Compare when ... ? (+past uncomplicated) and how long ... ? (+present perfect) |  A: When did it start raining? B: It started raining an hour ago /at 1 o'clock . A: How Long has it been raining? B: Information technology's been raining for an hour /since i o'clock . | A: When did Joe and Carol first run across? B: They commencement met a long time ago/ when they were at schoolhouse.  A: How long accept they known each other? B: They've known each other for a long time/ since they were at school . | |
| C | We say: | or | it'south it'southward been | (= it is ) (= it has been ) | a long time six months (etc.) | since something happened | It'southward two years since I last saw Joe. or It'southward been two years since .. . (= I haven't seen Joe for 2 years) It 's ages since nosotros went to the cinema. Or Information technology's been ages since .. . (= Nosotros haven't been to the cinema for ages) How Long is it since Mrs Hill died? or How Long has it been since .. . ? (= When did Mrs Hill die?) |
EXERCISES
| 12.1 | Write for or since. | 1 | Information technology's been raining ___ since____ lunchtime. | | 2 | Sarah has lived in Paris __________ 1995. | | 3 | Paul has lived in Brazil ____________ten years. | | 4 | I'm tired of waiting. We've been sitting here ________ an 60 minutes. | | 5 | Kevin has been looking for a task ______________he left schoolhouse. | | 6 | I haven't been to a party_____________ ages. | | 7 | I wonder where Joe is. I haven't seen him _____________ last week. | | 8 | Jane is away. She's been abroad _____________Friday. | | 9 | The weather is dry. It hasn't rained ______________a few weeks. | |
| 12.2 | Write questions with how Long and when. | ane | Information technology's raining. (how long) ____ How long has it been raining? _________ (when)______ When did it starting time raining?___________ | | 2 | Kate is learning Japanese. (how long /learn?) _____________________________________________ (when /get-go?) _____________________________________________ | | 3 | I know Simon. (how long /you /know? _____________________________________________ (when /you /get-go /meet?) _____________________________________________ | | 4 | Rebecca and David are married. (how long?) _____________________________________________ (when?) _____________________________________________ | |
| 12.3 | Read the situations and complete the sentences. | i | Information technology'southward raining. It's been raining since lunch time. It _____ started raining ______ at lunchtime. | | ii | Ann and jess are friends. They first met years agone. They've _____ known each other for ____ years. | | iii | Mark is ill. He became ill on Lord's day. He has ________________Sunday. | | 4 | Marking is ill. He became ill a few days ago. He has ________________ a few days. | | 5 | Sarah is married. She's been married for a year. She got ________________ | | 6 | Yous accept a headache. It started when you woke upwardly. I've ________________ I woke upwardly. | | 7 | Sue has been in Italy for the last three weeks. She went ________________ | | viii | You're working in a hotel. You started six months agone. I've ________________ | |
| 12.iv | Write B'south sentences using the words in brackets. | 1 | A: | Do you often go on holiday? | | B: | No, ____ I haven't had a vacation for ______ five years. | | ii | A: | Exercise you oftentimes run into Laura? | | B: | No, I ______________________ about a month | | three | A: | Do you ofttimes go to the movie theatre? | | B: | No, I ____________________ a long time. | | 4 | A: | Practice you oftentimes swallow in restaurants? | | B: | No, ________________________ ages. | Now write B'south answers again. This time use Information technology's ... since ... . | v | (1) ____ No, it'south five years since I had a holiday ___________ | | 6 | (ii) No, information technology'due south _______________________ | | 7 | (iii) No, _______________________ | | 8 | (iv) _______________________ | |
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